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Aim: Our goal was to identify the putative association of rs4072111 variant in IL-16 gene and HCV susceptibility in an Iranian population
Background: Interleukin 16 [IL-16], a multifunctional cytokine, plays a vital role in modulation of immune system
Methods: In present case control and cross sectional study, IL-16 gene variant in 300 patients with hepatitis C [HCV] infection and 300 healthy individuals were analyzed. To evaluate this possible association, genomic DNA from venous blood was extracted and genotypes of IL-16 rs4072111 variant were determined by polymerase chain reaction- Fragments Length Polymorphism Technique [PCR-RFLP]. Then, rs4072111 C/T genotypes frequency and allelic distribution were evaluated in each group
Results: The results of genotyping showed 82% CC, 17.3% CT, 0.7% TT in the control group and 78% CC, 20% CT and 2% TT in the case group. The distribution of rs4072111 C allele was 90.7% in controls and 88% in case group respectively. However, no correlation between IL-16 rs4072111 C/T variants and susceptibility to chronic HCV infection was found in the present study
Conclusion: We concluded the rs4072111 C/T cannot be considered as a proper biomarker to identify susceptibility to chronic hepatitis C virus infection
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Aim: To determine the distribution of important mutations of the "a" determinant region in the HBV genome among patients in different clinical phases of HBV infection
Background: Variations in Hepatitis B infection not only change the outcome of the disease but also the symptoms from which the chronic HBV patients are suffering
Methods: We have meticulously selected a total of 40 chronic HBV patients from four different subclasses of chronic HBV clinical phases including immune tolerant [IT], immune active [IA], inactive carrier [1C] and hepatitis B e antigen [HBeAg]-negative [ENEG]; 10 samples per each phase. Mutations of the [a] determinant region were identified using PCR-Direct sequencing method
Results: 17 amino-acid substitutions at 12 positions inside the [a] determinant were identified in all forty samples; 3 mutations in the IT group, 6 mutations in the IA phase, 3 mutations in the 1C patients and 5 mutations in the ENEG phase. Different substitutions were observed in all four clinical phases. The IA phase was the most variant group with the highest number of amino-acid substitutions
Conclusion: These results did not reveal a strong pattern to distinguish different clinical phases of Chronic HBV infection, but there are some obvious differences regarding the number and position of mutations between these four clinical phases
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Aim: In this study, we investigated the prevalence of PARV4 virus among the healthy population and four other groups of HBV infected, HCV infected, HIV infected and HIV/HCV co-infected individuals in Iran
Background: Parvovirus 4 [PARV4] was first discovered in 2005, in a hepatitis B virus-infected injecting drug user [IDU]. To date, the best evidence about PARV4 transmission is parenteral roots which comes from IDU individuals. It seems that the prevalence of the virus in the normal population is very low
Methods: A total of 613 patients, including chronic HCV [n=103], HBV [n=193], HIV [n=180] infected individuals, HIV/HCV [n=34] co-infected patients and 103 healthy controls, were studied by using nested-PCR and also real-time PCR techniques
Results: Of those 180 samples were positive for HIV RNA, co-infection of PARV4 was detected in 3 cases [1.66%]. All these three patients were male with the age of 28, 32 and 36 years [mean: 32]. No statistical differences were found between HIV positive group and the healthy individuals. [P>0.05] The result of PARV4 PCR was negative in all other samples and healthy controls as well
Conclusion: This study is the first to investigate the occurrence of PARV4 among these groups in Iran. The results show, that the virus is not significant in Iranian population, even in patients with blood born infections such as HCV, HBV or even HIV patients. Further studies in other areas and various groups are required
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Upper gastrointestinal bleeding [UGIB] remains a common medical problem worldwide. It is an emergency medical condition, which may require hospital admission. UGIB also increases the risk of morbidity, and mortality and uses health care resources. The aim of this study was to determine the endoscopic findings and their frequencies in patients with UGIB with regard to age in Tehran's Taleghani Hospital
Materials and Methods: The medical records and endoscopy reports of 990 patients, who underwent endoscopy for UGIB in Tehran's Taleghani Hospital over a period of 2 years from 2010 to 2012, were retrospectively analyzed
Results: A total of 990 patients consisted of 594 [60%] men and 396 [40%] women had endoscopy for UGIB. Mean [+/-SD] age of the patients was 54 [+/-17.2] years. The commonest [45.5%] cause of UGIB was peptic ulcer disease, which included; duodenal ulcer [26.4%], gastric ulcer [19.1%], followed by esophageal and gastric varices [19.5%]. Malignant conditions [cancers] contributed to 14.7%, which included gastric cancer [7.2%], esophageal cancer [5.5%], and duodenal cancer [2%]. Other less frequent causes of UGIB were esophageal ulcer [6.7%], erosive gastritis [6.3%], Mallory-Weiss syndrome [5.4%], and Dieulafoy's lesion [1.2%]. Normal endoscopic findings were recorded in 0.7% of the patients with UGIB.
Conclusion: Peptic ulcer diseases are the commonest cause of UGIB followed by esophageal and gastric varices
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Background: It has been shown by recent studies that there is a significant association between genetic polymorphisms near the regulatory of IL28B gene and response to treatment in viral diseases such as hepatitis C. However, genetic factors involving in infection progression to chronic diseases have not been determined yet. In this study, the association of these IL28B polymorphisms with susceptibility to chronic hepatitis C virus infection has been analyzed
Materials and methods: In this case- control study, 110 patients infected with chronic hepatitis C and 110 healthy individuals were studied. The fragments covering rs8099917 and rs12979860 were amplified by the polymerase chain reaction [PCR] method and genotyped by restriction fragment length polymorphism digestion [RFLP] method using NmuCI and BstUIendonuleases enzymes
Results: Results showed that rs12979860CC genotype were the most frequent which followed by CT and TT. However, rs8099917TT was the dominant genotype. Allele frequencies were included: Rs8099917 T=72.3%, G=27.7% and rs12979860 C=69.5%, T=30.5% at patients and rs8099917 T=80%, G=20% and rs12979860 C=73.2%, T=26.8% at control group
Conclusion: The Results showed that T allele is more prevalent than G at rs12979860 polymorphism and the frequency of C allele is higher than T at rs8099917 position. However, rs809917TT and rs12979860 CC genotypes are the most common genotypes among patients population with chronic hepatitis C
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This retrospective study is aimed to review demographic and clinical characteristics of IBD to elucidate the probable factors associating with IBD development in Taleghani Hospital in Iran since 2001 during a 12-year-period. Ulcerative colitis [UC] and Crohn's disease [CD] are two major idiopathic entities of inflammatory bowel disease [IBD]. Previous studies have reported an increased incidence of IBD in Middle East countries. In the present study 1914 patients with UC, 318 patients with CD and 25 with indeterminate colitis [IC] were included. Demographic information, clinical features, extraintestinal manifestations, complications and extension of disease were collected and interpreted for all participants. According to the time of registration, patients were divided into seven groups. Statistical analysis was performed using the chi-square test. In seven groups of IBD patients, disease registry was estimated for UC, CD, and total IBD during a 12-year-period. From 2001 to 2005, a relative increased registry was observed among UC patients. However, in the years 2006 and 2007 a significant reduction in the number of patients was reported. Then an increasing trend was observed in UC patients. UC presented mostly with diarrhea, hematochezia and bloody diarrhea, while most of CD patients complained of abdominal pain. Evaluation of data related to registered IBD patients in Iran shows that probable incidence and prevalence of IBD [UC and CD] is increasing compared to previous decades
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According to the reports of World Health Organization [WHO] and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the prevalence of chronic hepatitis B infection in Iran has decreased from 2-7% in 2001 to 1.3-0.8% in children aged 2-14 years. In 2010 the Institute of Medicine recommended more comprehensive screening by primary care physicians [PCPs] for evaluation, vaccination, and management of infected patients for further decrease in the prevalence of chronic HBV infection. Thus, with contribution of the Health Department, we developed a practical flowchart for PCPs to start active screening of hepatitis B virus [HBV] in all visited patients and refer the positive cases for further evaluation and management to Taleghani Hospital. With collaboration of Health Department of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, physicians of health centers were asked to screen all their patients for HBsAg. Positive cases were referred to Taleghani Hospital. They were first registered and educated about their disease, life style, and prevention methods. Their first degree families were screened for HBV infection too and were referred for vaccination if needed. According to the results of lab tests, appropriate management was done by a hepatologist. Since implementation of this program, we have encountered a significant rise in patient detection [even in high risk groups]. Many of them were not aware of their disease and most of those who were aware of their disease were not managed appro priately. Family screening and vaccination were inadequate and need more emphasis
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The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of HDV infection between HBV chronic patients referred to gastroenterology ward of Taleghani hospital Tehran, Iran and also investigating the risk factors in acquiring the HDV infection. Hepatitis B virus [HBV] and Hepatitis D virus [HDV] are major public health issues. Worldwide there are approximately 350 million individuals chronically infected with the HBV. A significant part of them, including 15 to 20 million coinfected with HDV. Hepatitis Delta virus is transferred mostly through blood and body fluids. HBV and HDV infections were evaluated by Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay [ELISA]. Liver functional tests were assessed through auto analyzer. Patients were interviewed and data along the test results were entered into SPSS program. We used chi-square, independent t-test and logistic regression for statistical analysis. 278 [54.6%] patients of the study group were male and 231 [45.4%] were female and the mean age of patients was 40.03 +/- 14.93. From 509 patients, 39[7.7%] had anti-HDV antibody. In a uni-variable analysis, age [p=0.001], periodontal procedures [p=0.015], endoscopy [p=0.024] and colonoscopy [p=0.012] were significantly related to HDV seropositivity. After adjustment by logistic regression, age remained the only significant factor in acquiring HDV infection. We highly recommend the health care workers to strictly follow the disinfection protocols of medical instruments. Since HDV seroprevalence changes over time, regular epidemiological studies are necessary to monitor the epidemiological trend of infection
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The impact of genetic changes like Single nucleotide polymorphisms on expression rate and function of cytokine is under study. The aim of the present study was to determine TNF-alpha cytokine gene polymorphism -308 G/A association with the susceptibility to hepatitis C [HCV] chronic infection. In this case-control study, 152 HCV infected patients and 164 healthy controls were studied. Genotyping was carried out by amplification refractory mutation system-polymerase chain reaction [ARMS-PCR] and the distribution of the TNF-alpha Gene -308 G/A polymorphism was compared in these groups. Tetra-primer ARMS-PCR employs two pairs of primers to amplify two alleles in one PCR reaction. The frequency of the TNF-alpha gene polymorphism at position -308 in HCV patients was GG [88.8%], GA [11.2%], AA [0%] and in healthy controls was GG [75%], GA [24%], AA [0%] [OR=2.626, 95%CI=1.419-4.860, P=0.002]. There was a significant difference in genotype or allele frequency between HCV patients and control group [P<0.05]. Present study showed an association between TNF-alpha promoter polymorphism [-308] and hepatitis C in an Iranian population
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Humanos , Femenino , Masculino , Genotipo , Factor de Necrosis Tumoral alfa , Polimorfismo Genético , Polimorfismo de Nucleótido Simple , Estudios de Casos y ControlesRESUMEN
This study was designed to evaluate the frequency of antibody against these viruses in individuals attending the endoscopy ward of Taleghani hospital Tehran, Iran. Blood-borne viruses such as hepatitis B and hepatitis C virus and HTLV-1 virus are among the world's public health problems. Hepatitis viruses cause liver problems and HTLV-1 infection can lead to adult T-Cell lymphoma [ATL]. Blood samples of 219 individuals attending the endoscopy ward of Taleghani hospital between years 2009-2011 were collected. A questionnaire containing demographic data was completed for each subject. Blood samples were tested for antibody against HTLV-1, HCV and HBc by ELISA [Dia.pro Italy]. In case of positive results for anti-HBc, samples were also tested for HBs Ag antigen. Ninety two subjects were male and 127 were female. Mean age of the population was 39.87 +/- 16.47. None of the subjects had anti-HCV antibody, while 4 of them had anti-HTLV-1 antibody and 26 anti-HBc antibody; which only two of these individuals had HBs Antibody. The results of this study show that frequency of anti-HCV and anti-HTLV-1 antibodies are very low, while the frequency of anti-HBc was higher in the population. Since HTLV-1 is the causative agent of a type of blood cancer, it seems that screening of donated bloods in this region should be considered
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Baker's asthma is one of the most common forms of occupational asthma. This study was conducted to determine prevalence of asthma and rhinitis among bakery workers in the city of Sanandaj, the provincial center of Kurdistan province in the west of Iran in the in Summer 2006. In this study 776 bread bakery workers were included. These subjects were selected randomly among 1620 bakery workers. The diagnosis of asthma was based on a medical history of episodic symptoms of cough, chest tightness, and dyspnea and spirometry. Airflow obstruction was determined with spirometry, the definition of airflow obstruction which was used in this study was an FEV1/FVC ratio<0.8, and FEV1 or FVC increases of>/=12 percent and at least 200mL after using a short-acting inhaled beta2-agonist. Rhinitis was diagnosed by typical history of work related symptoms. Analyses were performed on 776 subjects [all were men] without missing data for asthma and rhinitis. All of subjects were male with mean age of 33.69 +/- 11.09 years. Mean duration of bakery working for these subjects was 13.91 +/- 9.37 years. Prevalence of asthma at the time of study was 11.9%. 93 subjects were diagnosed as asthma with history, physical and spirometry findings. 31 [33.3%] of asthmatic workers were diagnosed as asthma previously and 62 [66.6%] workers were known as new asthmatic patients which were diagnosed in this study program. The prevalence of rhinitis was [9.9%]. Subjects with asthma had longer history of working at bakery than others [P=0.001]. Asthma prevalence among these bakery workers that were included in our study was similar and in some instances the prevalence was lower than other studies